Turnbull, ‘‘Sequential equivalence testing and repeated confidence intervals, with applications to normal and binary responses,’’ Biometrics 49, 31 (1993). Borra, Medical Big Data and Internet of Medical Things: Advances, Challenges and Applications (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2018).Ĭ. Granger, ‘‘Data collection and quality control,’’ in Fundamentals of Clinical Trials (Springer, Cham, 2015).Ī. DeMets, ‘‘Sequential designs in clinical trials,’’ Cardiac Electrophysiol. Cary, SAS/STAT® 14.1 User’s Guide, The SEQTEST Procedure (SAS Institute Inc., 2015).ĭ. Cary, SAS/STAT® 14.1 User’s Guide, The SEQDESIGN Procedure (SAS Institute Inc., 2015). Barnard, ‘‘Sequential tests in industrial statistics,’’ Suppl.
Armitage, ‘‘Sequential analysis in therapeutic trials,’’ Ann. Anderson, ‘‘A modification of the sequential probability ratio test to reduce the sample size,’’ Ann. The results suggest that the Lan and DeMets design is slightly superior to the designs studied while assessing that all designs are practicable.
All designs provide type I error rates which are maintained within the acceptable region while keeping high power. To assess the practical feasibility, all designs were applied to a real-life data set. These are compared using type I error, power, mean information, and average duration to stop the trial.
This research compares three popular repeated sequential types of designs namely, Pocock, O’Brien and Fleming, and Lan and DeMets. When the response is binary the application of the binomial test in a sequential framework is merited. These usually have a lesser number of patients leading to savings in cost and time while improving ethical issues. At interim inspections, sequential trials either stop or continue. Ignoring some of the economic and ethical issues make these designs impractical, bringing sequential designs into practice. Fixed sample clinical trials involve humans accumulated over a considerably long period.
0 kommentar(er)
